Methanol is a light, colorless, volatile and flammable liquid, produced by International Methanol Company (IMC). Methanol is a key component in the manufacture of hundreds of other chemicals, solvents and other formulations. Approximately 40% of methanol is converted into formaldehyde which is in turn used in the manufacture of a diverse range of products such as plastics, paints, textiles, pigments and dyes. Methanol is also used to manufacture acetic acid, the fuel additive methyl tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), biodiesel and increasingly as a feedstock for new methanol to olefins plants.
Methanol is used as a precursor to other commodity chemicals, including formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butyl ether, as well as a host of more specialized chemicals.
Applications
Formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butylether
Methanol is primarily converted to formaldehyde, which is widely used in many areas, especially polymers. The conversion entails oxidation:
2 CH3OH + O2 → 2 CH2O + 2 H2O
Acetic acid can be produced from methanol.
Methanol and isobutene are combined to give methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). MTBE is a major octane booster in gasoline.
Methanol to hydrocarbons, olefins, gasoline
Condensation of methanol to produce hydrocarbons and even aromatic systems is the basis of several technologies related to gas to liquids. These include methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH), methanol to gasoline (MTG), and methanol to olefins (MTO), and methanol to propylene (MTP). These conversions are catalyzed by zeolites as heterogeneous catalysts.
Gasoline additive
The European Fuel Quality Directive allows fuel producers to blend up to 3% methanol, with an equal amount of cosolvent, with gasoline sold in Europe. China uses more than 4.5 billion liters of methanol per year as a transportation fuel in low level blends for conventional vehicles, and high level blends in vehicles designed for methanol fuels.
Other Applications
- formaldehyde production for use in MDF and plywood industry
- Melamine resin production for use in range of utensil, inbuilt switches and ranges of industrial glue.
- Acetic acid productionfor use in VAM andcellulose acetate in textile industry.
- Methyl Metacrylate (PMAA) for use in laminates.
- Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) production as a gas online enhancer
- Producing DME for substituting diesel fuel.
- Mixing with petrol for car engine fuel usage.
- Producing ethylene and propylene as raw material of petrochemical companies.
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