POLYBUTADIENE [butadiene rubber BR] is a synthetic rubber. Polybutadiene rubber is a polymer formed from the polymerization of the monomer 1,3-butadiene. Polybutadiene has a high resistance to wear and is used especially in the manufacture of tires, which consumes about 70% of the production. Another 25% is used as an additive to improve the toughness (impact resistance) of plastics such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). It is also used to manufacture golf balls, various elastic objects and to coat or encapsulate electronic assemblies, offering high electrical resistivity.

Polymerization

1,3-Butadiene is an organic compound that is a simple conjugated diene hydrocarbon (dienes have two carbon-carbon double bonds). Polybutadiene forms by linking many 1,3-butadiene monomers to make a much longer polymer chain molecule. In terms of the connectivity of the polymer chain, butadiene can polymerize in three different ways, called cis, trans and vinyl. The cis and trans forms arise by connecting the butadiene molecules end-to-end, so-called 1,4-polymerisation. The properties of the resulting isomeric forms of polybutadiene differ. For example, “high cis”-polybutadiene has a high elasticity and is very popular, whereas the so-called “high trans” is a plastic crystal with few useful applications. The vinyl content of polybutadiene is typically no more than a few percent. In addition to these three kinds of connectivity, polybutadienes differ in terms of their branching and molecular weights .

Applications

The major use of polybutadiene rubber is in tires. It goes into side walls and treads To optimize performance such as traction, rolling and abrasion resistance, it is typically compounded with other elastomers such as natural rubber and SBR. Other applications are golf ball cores, inner tubes of hoses for sandblasting, and covers for pneumatic and water hoses. Polybutadiene is also used as a toughening agent in plastics, in particular in high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS).

 

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